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    "result": {"data":{"contentfulComposePage":{"title":"History of Mapping: Cartography to Digital and Everything in Between (Part 1)","seo":{"title":"History of Mapping: Cartography to Digital and Everything in Between (Part 1)","description":"As we continue to move through the timeline of mapping, we examine the concept of space and its different meanings throughout history."},"content":{"author":"Shanae Vander Togt","publishDate":"Aug 27, 2019","updatedAt":"Jan 24, 2022","content":{"raw":"{\"nodeType\":\"document\",\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"While we are often focused on the current and future states of mapping, we rarely get a chance to examine historical methods and how they have had an impact on how we do things today. We want to pay homage to the many different types and styles of mapping, and dig into how we got to where we are. Welcome to Mappedin’s History of Mapping.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"4fWcbXQhMzrphQmvhgWLo6\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"As we continue to move through the timeline of mapping and how it has lead us to where we are today, the concept of what defines a \\\"space\\\" continues to come up. Defining a space has encountered many different meanings over the centuries. Spaces have meaning for different people and different reasons. The same space may even provide different meanings for a number of people, like Stonehenge. Accordingly, people used various approaches to visually represent spaces in the past. Societies had to find a common visual language with which they could refer to the spaces they shared.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Outdoors to indoors \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Historically, mapping has been associated with the outdoors while also tying to these shared spaces at a higher level. Over time, consistencies and patterns showed up with regards to how humanity has represented the outdoors. Explorers, tradesmen, and ambassadors alike used maps for the biggest of big pictures - mapping out unknown lands, resources, and peoples.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Maps evolved from the “Here be dragons” mindset, indicating unexplored areas as full of monsters or supernatural elements. As humanity’s understanding of the world grew, so did maps to reflect that understanding. Circular maps used to be the style when we thought the Sun revolved around the Earth, and then further on as we learned that the Earth itself is round.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"3ZEvnsZAv661aIFgoMtmK9\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"blockquote\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The Fra Mauro Map was created by an Italian cartographer in 1459 and is known to be the most accurate and detailed representation of the world that had been produced up to that point. Interestingly, it is oriented with the South at the top of the map. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Historically, there were less examples of indoor spaces that were large or complex enough to require a map or directions in order to navigate. The documents that may have existed, if any, for the time period would have been floor plans for building or expansion purposes. One notable exception from history is the \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Edo Castle map\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20170209/p2a/00m/0na/021000c\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\", detailing out the interior and fortifications of the structure in feudal Japan on the eve of a great battle. While the purpose was to fully expand on the defense capabilities of the castle, it also served as a historical stamp at the time that has been used to restore or re-imagine the historical structure based on what remains today.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"29cwHFSU0HhzpLWfa8d29p\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Edo Castle in Matsue, Shimane Prefecture, Japan \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Style swap \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Maps evolved over time, both in style and in use cases. Maps are fundamentally a result of what people need them to do. We need them to mark important resources, to identify hidden treasures, and most importantly, to not lose our way. As structures grew both in size and in purpose, the need for being able to find your way around grew with it. The outdoor principles that applied to mapping are also applied to indoor mapping. These are the guiding principles for creating indoor maps specifically to direct people around an area rather than for business purposes (repairs, utilities, engineering, etc).\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"59Qd9VegveCqGyNwiG5JE7\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"In fictional examples, it could be argued that Hogwarts is an example of a large mixed-use space that required a (dynamically changing, even!) map to navigate. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"It is clear that the importance of wayfinding is not a new one, even with the addition of technology. As mapping purposes grew to evolve from mapping the unknown to better mapping the known, the issue of standards arose again. And this time, it was not only standards that needed to be considered; the purpose and major use case for the map was also crucial to understand. Indoor maps largely consisted of AutoCAD maps, blueprints, or architectural versions. While there was much precedence for outdoor maps, there was almost no precedence for indoor maps or how they should be set up to suit multipurpose needs.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Check out, \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"part two of this blog\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.mappedin.com/blog/product/indoor-mapping/history-of-mapping-cartography-to-digital-part-2/\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" and join us as we explore how indoor maps have evolved to suit multi-purpose needs, and what they bring from history into the future.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}]}","references":[{"contentful_id":"4fWcbXQhMzrphQmvhgWLo6","__typename":"ContentfulAsset","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/4fWcbXQhMzrphQmvhgWLo6/7a866a96c311d6e1f00a092ac6c3412e/photo-1473163928189-364b2c4e1135.jpeg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},{"contentful_id":"3ZEvnsZAv661aIFgoMtmK9","__typename":"ContentfulAsset","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/3ZEvnsZAv661aIFgoMtmK9/1500ad26effceba12e0f6d72f495f3fd/1200px-FraMauroDetailedMap.jpeg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},{"contentful_id":"29cwHFSU0HhzpLWfa8d29p","__typename":"ContentfulAsset","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/29cwHFSU0HhzpLWfa8d29p/1aea939b5ddeb31f8db94594eb089698/Edo_Castle_Map.jpeg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},{"contentful_id":"59Qd9VegveCqGyNwiG5JE7","__typename":"ContentfulAsset","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/59Qd9VegveCqGyNwiG5JE7/7495b641762f3c5ffd49d55d555b4f0d/200.gif","contentType":"image/gif"}}]},"image":{"file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/4fWcbXQhMzrphQmvhgWLo6/7a866a96c311d6e1f00a092ac6c3412e/photo-1473163928189-364b2c4e1135.jpeg"}},"pdf":null,"relatedPosts":[{"title":"The Evolution of Indoor Mapping","slug":"the-evolution-of-indoor-mapping","content":{"__typename":"ContentfulBlogPost","author":"Cara Hueston","publishDate":"Mar 2, 2021","updatedAt":"Jan 7, 2022","tags":{"category":{"name":"Product","slug":"product"},"topic":{"name":"Indoor Mapping","slug":"indoor-mapping"}},"content":{"raw":"{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Indoor maps have been digitized but their evolution goes far beyond this change. The way they are designed, maintained, and used have all transformed. In this blog, we will examine how and why. \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Original indoor mapping tools\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Indoor maps and their tooling weren’t originally developed to generate the simplified, consumer-facing mapping experiences that we know today. While traditional indoor mapping software such as Autodesk’s Revit or AutoCAD do provide a look inside a building, their intent is not to help users navigate the indoors or provide simplified visualizations.\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"These drawings include many layers and showcase extremely detailed information - a venue’s elevation, electrical layouts, plumbing and mechanical systems, cross sections, framing, and the list goes on. Autodesk and similar mapping tools are specific in function and used by architects, designers, contractors, and various engineers, to name a few. Because of how they are used, these tools are not designed for quick or minor map changes. A blueprint, for example, is typically only updated to reflect long-term changes such as a large renovation.\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Frequency of edits \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"One of the ways we’ve seen indoor maps evolve is their frequency of change. In the past, a venue map or CAD file that had been updated within the year was considered up-to-date. Now, however, in the age of information, we expect updates to happen in real-time - everything from the news and weather to retail inventory and turn-by-turn directions. A one-year-old map may have been bearable in the past, but these days can be all but rendered useless. Indoor mapping platforms need to allow for major renovation edits, but they also need to reflect small and possibly even temporary changes.\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Required expertise \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Other evolutions in indoor mapping include tooling and usage; the tools have become more user-friendly and maps are being used as an extension of a venue’s brand. While certain platforms require extensive knowledge and training to use them, newer indoor mapping tools have been adapted and simplified in many ways. This in turn makes it more viable for someone at a venue to login and manage a small layout shift in the map - relocating a vending machine, for example. These updates are not only important to operations and facilities teams either. Because indoor maps are often now used in consumer-facing applications, marketing and digital teams are playing a larger role. Styling, ease-of-use, and functionality must be top of mind.  \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Indoor maps will always serve to function as a utility. Architectural, operational, and maintenance use cases will persist long into the future. But as we undergo this evolution and see the importance of the consumer-friendly map, how else are indoor maps being used?  \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Indoor mapping use cases \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"As people started to rely on \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"},{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[{\"type\":\"italic\"}],\"value\":\"outdoor\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"},{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\" maps to help orient themselves and navigate to their destination, we saw an emerging importance for indoor maps with the same capabilities. This began with 2D pamphlets and banners featuring clear “you are here” markers at malls, campuses, and amusement parks. These static solutions eventually merged with technology to provide wayfinding on digital platforms. Touchscreen maps, venue mobile applications, and QR codes were just some of the ways that visitors could search for a destination indoors. Just as we experienced with the outdoors, people have come to depend on indoor maps to provide both context and directions. \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"Mapping building blocks \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"While this is certainly an evolution from the days of “wander until found,” indoor maps have continued to provide functionality beyond simple directions. The truest evolution of indoor maps may be their ability to unlock a wide variety of other experiences. Think of indoor maps as the foundation of a house. With a solid foundation, you can begin to add flooring and stairs - these act as the pathing networks and wayfinding components of a digital map. You can also begin to add various rooms to the house, each one serving its own purpose. With an indoor mapping platform, these “rooms” would represent unique experiences. For example, retailers may want to layer on proximity promotions, an office may add room booking software, a hospital might enable asset tracking, and a stadium might focus on vendor-to-seat food ordering. Without a solid foundation - in this case, an accurate and simplified indoor map - none of these experiences would be possible. \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"},{\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"fiGtsYb4KpcdVphzBEIMX\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}},\"content\":[],\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\" The future of indoor mapping\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\"},{\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"As we continue to see the arrival of powerful tooling and innovative use cases, we can be certain that indoor mapping is not done its evolution. Software such as Revit and AutoCAD will always have a place in this industry, but we wonder how these \",\"nodeType\":\"text\"},{\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://resources.mappedin.com/blog/the-future-of-indoor-mapping\"},\"content\":[{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\"traditional softwares will integrate with modern mapping platforms and experiences in the future\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\"},{\"data\":{},\"marks\":[],\"value\":\". How can indoor mapping and its platforms become an even more seamless technology for users?\",\"nodeType\":\"text\"}],\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\"}],\"nodeType\":\"document\"}"},"articleType":"Article","image":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.40125,"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=480&q=50","srcSet":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=120&h=86&q=50 120w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=240&h=171&q=50 240w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=480&h=343&q=50 480w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=720&h=514&q=50 720w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=960&h=685&q=50 960w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/7p6t440jj8Sqd80pMolS92/d8cfba0f1afe912d69e4b1c9792bffe6/lea-design-studio-gold-coast-blog-reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-a-header-1.jpg?w=1121&h=800&q=50 1121w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}},{"title":"The Importance of a Digital Indoor Map","slug":"the-importance-of-a-digital-indoor-map","content":{"__typename":"ContentfulBlogPost","author":"Cara Hueston","publishDate":"Apr 13, 2020","updatedAt":"Jan 18, 2022","tags":{"category":{"name":"Product","slug":"product"},"topic":{"name":"Indoor Mapping","slug":"indoor-mapping"}},"content":{"raw":"{\"nodeType\":\"document\",\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"There are a unique set of challenges when creating an indoor map, even before it is digitized. Having a digital indoor map, however, yields accuracies, efficiencies, and experiences. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"All over the world, people create maps to help define, visualize, and navigate the space around them. Early maps were made by hand and for this reason, no two maps were identical. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The first magnetic compass\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://historydaily.org/who-invented-the-magnetic-compass\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" was created between 300 and 200 BC which led to improvements in location accuracy. When \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"the printing press was invented\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.livescience.com/43639-who-invented-the-printing-press.html\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" in the 1440s\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\",\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.livescience.com/43639-who-invented-the-printing-press.html\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" one accurate map could then be copied and distributed. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Today, most maps are made using computers and digital mapping software. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Explained by Esri\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/blog/how-are-maps-made/\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\", an international supplier of geographic information system (GIS) software, data must be collected, processed, and then presented. From government census data to weather forecasts, or topographic maps to everyday navigation, digital displays of geographic data help guide people and decisions. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The indoor mapping challenge \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Studies have shown that people spend almost \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"90% of their time indoors\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.epa.gov/report-environment/indoor-air-quality#:~:text=Americans%2C%20on%20average%2C%20spend%20approximately,higher%20than%20typical%20outdoor%20concentrations.\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\". This number is quite staggering and begs the question: why doesn’t the navigational software that people are used to in outdoor spaces extend to indoor spaces? The formula is similar to that of the outside world but there are a few critical differences.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Collecting data \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Rather than using satellite images to accurately determine the location of roads, cities, rivers, and other features in outdoor maps, the most precise tool indoors is usually a venue’s blueprint. This 2D architectural drawing can depict the size of a building and its components but cannot guarantee perfect accuracy and lacks important location information such as lat and long coordinates. The other challenge with utilizing blueprints is that they come in many formats (CAD, RVT, PNG, PDF, etc.).\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"62dUimtNmCgpSDNIkTIacG\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Ongoing map maintenance \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Even when working with a completely accurate blueprint, the problem becomes maintaining that accuracy over time. One thing that remains constant with indoor spaces is their ability to change. Departments in a hospital or office building, retailers in a shopping mall, classrooms on a campus, or event layouts at a convention centre are just a few examples of location data that repeatedly change. Without maintaining the indoor map, data quickly becomes outdated and those using the map will be misguided. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Displaying indoor maps \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The concept of indoor maps is not new. Wayfinding signage and static “you are here” signs are familiar staples in both private and public spaces. To truly serve visitors, these maps need to be accessible in a variety of formats - on large digital displays, online at home, or on-the-go with mobile directions - the same ways that people are used to accessing outdoor maps. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Digitizing indoor maps \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" Speed, efficiency, reliability \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Bringing static maps to digital platforms provides benefits to both creators and users. Automated tools can help to build, enhance, and adapt aesthetics of the map with much greater speed. Businesses are able to collect insights on their visitors in ways that were never possible with static maps. Map management tools also allow for ensured accuracy over time. Extensive map changes such as building renovations or changes to the physical structure can now be reflected on a digital map in a matter of clicks. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Digital indoor maps are often able to provide more to users than a simple static map. Users can explore the map to look for a specific location, much like 2D maps, but they are also able to use functions like an interactive search bar, location listings, and categories. Digital maps can also showcase date or location-specific information such as events or promotions. They are adaptable, up-to-date, and easy to maintain.  \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"2M3iHsSxbanO5whhdlAZni\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"One map, everywhere \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"It is common for many versions of a property map to exist for different use cases. For example, a building might have a floor plan for their plumbing layout, one for employee-only walkways, asset tracking, public spaces, and so on. Because these maps are used for different purposes, they are often managed by different teams. By digitizing indoor maps, companies can start to rely on one source of truth, re-use the digital map foundation, and avoid duplicating processes. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Platform for experiences \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"As many companies push to offer their customers an experience that is both personal and experiential, digital maps will play a critical role. There are many engaging experiences that a venue could offer: \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"unordered-list\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"list-item\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Push notifications for retailer promotions in a shopping mall\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"list-item\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Shortest concession stand line in a stadium\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"list-item\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Appointment reminders and turn-by-turn directions in a hospital\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"list-item\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Room booking software in an office building \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"list-item\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"...and more \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"All of these services rely on an accurate indoor map as the foundational layer. Precise location data and digital maps help provide clarity, context, and visualization for those navigating and they provide consistency, time savings, and valuable insights for businesses. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}]}"},"articleType":"Article","image":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.5056179775280898,"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=480&q=50","srcSet":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=120&h=80&q=50 120w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=240&h=159&q=50 240w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=480&h=319&q=50 480w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=720&h=478&q=50 720w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=960&h=638&q=50 960w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/1JE3D7NAGneb5TlMk32f4c/04720377b02e48b2e94142bf3dc45545/people-sign-traveling-blur-2069.jpg?w=1440&h=956&q=50 1440w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}},{"title":"History of Mapping: Cartography to Digital and Everything in Between (Part 2)","slug":"history-of-mapping-cartography-to-digital-part-2","content":{"__typename":"ContentfulBlogPost","author":"Shanae Vander Togt","publishDate":"Sep 10, 2019","updatedAt":"Jan 24, 2022","tags":{"category":{"name":"Product","slug":"product"},"topic":{"name":"Indoor Mapping","slug":"indoor-mapping"}},"content":{"raw":"{\"nodeType\":\"document\",\"data\":{},\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"While we are often focused on the current and future states of mapping and wayfinding, we rarely get a chance to examine historical methods and how they have had an impact on how we do things today. We want to pay homage to the many different types and styles of mapping, and dig into how we got to where we are. Welcome to Mappedin’s History of Mapping.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"This week is a continuation of the second instalment in the series. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Part one\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://www.mappedin.com/blog/product/indoor-mapping/history-of-mapping-cartography-to-digital-part-1/\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\" discussed how maps evolved throughout history and the standards they used to become more publicly widespread. This week, we’re exploring how maps continue to evolve with the addition of technology, and what traditional features and principles have persisted through time.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Over time, the ability to easily print and reproduce copies of maps would have made them more publicly accessible (thanks printing press!). However, up to the turn of the 21st century, most representations of spaces for consumer use were static maps that were typically printed in brochures or pamphlets or at a larger scale for indoor spaces like hospitals or malls.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"2X5yd8SXKe6Iz62IEVlzcz\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The role of technology\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"As technological developments popularized the touchscreen interface, the way in which information was presented to users changed as well. Enter the shift from static to dynamic. This unlocked the ability to hold more information and present only information relevant to each user was during an interaction. By making information dynamic, it was possible to do away with the cluttered information-overload of a static map, and present information specific to the individual user’s needs.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Mappedin began by identifying a need to have indoor maps for visitors to navigate. There were few providers that were interested in digital mapping of indoor spaces. Those that did work in indoor mapping often only generated a static map, as it was needed for any number of different purposes. Because it took so much time, energy, and resources to create the different versions of maps needed, they were often out of date.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Moving from static to digital helped facilitate the streamlining of this process, and happened through a natural evolution much like traditional maps throughout history. And like those traditional maps, certain features and necessities are needed for a digital experience that people have come to expect. For digital maps, the key is that primary behaviours should be immediately available, or available with as little effort as possible. The idea is that this helps transcend translation, language, cultural, and even main purpose in a property.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The new standard \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"How do these changes affect the way maps are designed? Maps have gone from static to interactive. What does this mean for how we build maps? There are a number of features that are common on digital maps now that are meant to consolidate a number of features from static maps that people are familiar with:\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Map orientation\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"People need to easily understand which way they are facing, so that they know where to go. This was sometimes done with north arrow. Representation of streets outside the venue, and a \\\"\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"You are here\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://journals.sagepub.com/action/cookieAbsent\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"\\\" dot. Today this is accomplished with a dynamic ‘You Are Here’ arrow that points in the direction you are facing. The arrow is most intuitive when pointing straight, and as a result the orientation of the map is now even more important.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"embedded-asset-block\",\"content\":[],\"data\":{\"target\":{\"sys\":{\"id\":\"2rmFUYXnGDAYRyFtuyJ7R\",\"type\":\"Link\",\"linkType\":\"Asset\"}}}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Clarity\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"While the map information is now dynamic, the map itself should also be as understandable as possible without being too cluttered. The information within the map needs to adapt at different levels to show different details, requiring the ability to zoom in and out.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Colour\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Colour is a useful way to achieve this because colours are still perceived the same way, therefore cartographic principles still apply. This means colours like blue can attributed to spaces such as washrooms (because of the association with water), while green is for landscapes and vegetation in and around the property.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Accessibility\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Inclusivity is very important when it comes to contrast between important map features, as well as important between text labels and background colour. Here, there are guidelines like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"hyperlink\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"WCAG\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{\"uri\":\"https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/\"}},{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\") that can be used to gauge if the labels and colours on a map are visually accessible.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-3\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"Symbols\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The symbols used need to be universally understandable and as consistent as possible. This ties into the colour usage as well as using best practices for UX/UI design - designing for how people use it. These may not always be the best looking designs but they should always be the most intuitive. \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"heading-2\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"The future of mapping \",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}},{\"nodeType\":\"paragraph\",\"content\":[{\"nodeType\":\"text\",\"value\":\"As we’ve seen, mapping is a constantly evolving concept as it changes to keep up with the purposes that we use it for. As the purpose changes, so do the standards need to change to ensure that people can easily read a map, find where they are going, and see any notable things that interest them along the way. Therefore, guidelines need to be created and progressed to continue to enable easy and widespread usage. As technology continues to evolve, the usage of maps changes but the need for navigation will always remain the same.\",\"marks\":[],\"data\":{}}],\"data\":{}}]}"},"articleType":"Article","image":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.1671554252199414,"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/2X5yd8SXKe6Iz62IEVlzcz/aaa48f2f5f1cc8b543f13c4751f3ec6c/King_of_Prussia.jpeg?w=480&q=50","srcSet":"//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/2X5yd8SXKe6Iz62IEVlzcz/aaa48f2f5f1cc8b543f13c4751f3ec6c/King_of_Prussia.jpeg?w=120&h=103&q=50 120w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/2X5yd8SXKe6Iz62IEVlzcz/aaa48f2f5f1cc8b543f13c4751f3ec6c/King_of_Prussia.jpeg?w=240&h=206&q=50 240w,\n//images.ctfassets.net/wdjnw2prxlw8/2X5yd8SXKe6Iz62IEVlzcz/aaa48f2f5f1cc8b543f13c4751f3ec6c/King_of_Prussia.jpeg?w=398&h=341&q=50 398w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}}],"tags":{"category":{"slug":"product","name":"Product"},"topic":{"slug":"indoor-mapping","name":"Indoor Mapping"}}}}},"pageContext":{"slug":"history-of-mapping-cartography-to-digital-part-1"}},
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